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Background

Building on the lessons learned by the international community over the past decade in its efforts to promote peace and stability around the world, the Fragility Forum 2022: Development and Peace in Uncertain Times will revisit some of the key findings of the WDR 2011, how the global response to FCV has evolved since, and what is now top of the agenda considering what we have learned as well as the dramatically changed global landscape we now live in. Are the conclusions of the WDR 2011 still relevant today? How are emerging sources of insecurity (e.g., public health, climate, food, and their compounding effects) demanding a reinterpretation and broadening of our understanding of what security is? Are rising global inequality and demands for social justice calling for a reexamination of justice and inclusion? Are the lessons we have learned over the past decade demanding we re-examine our response models?

Themes

The Forum¡¯s sessions will be curated around four themes:

1. Addressing compound risks and increasing resilience in FCV context: Fragile countries are especially vulnerable to shocks, such as climate change, food crisis, natural disasters, pandemics, economic crises, forced displacement, and their spillover effects.  COVID-19 is a stark reminder of how complex crises and interconnected risks amplify challenges in FCV contexts. In those settings, the impact of shocks tends to be greater given more pronounced vulnerabilities, and fragility, conflict and violence often obstruct resilience building. Faced with several shocks happening at same time, FCV countries struggle to respond to these and their vulnerability to future shocks will increase. Strengthening crisis preparedness and resilience in FCV context enables development support to start the rebuilding and transition to long-term political, economic, and social investments that will consolidate and protect future development gains. The Forum will feature sessions focused on compound risks in fragile and conflict affected contexts at a time when a more multi-dimensional, comprehensive understanding of the interactions of those risks is necessary. Sessions will focus on prevention, building resilience, and preparing for compound risks that increase and prolong fragility and make peacebuilding and conflict resolution efforts more challenging.
   
   
2. Changing the economic trajectory in FCV settings: Jobs and economic transformation are as critical and urgent as ever, in particular in countries affected by FCV. The WDR 2011 and the FCV Strategy 2020-25 both highlighted that vibrant and inclusive private sector can ignite economic growth, provide jobs and services, and help stabilize societies. In the aftermaths of the pandemic, urgent action is needed to spur economic recovery, incentivize the expansion of private investment, and generate jobs and livelihood, including a sound macro-financial stability and governance, a conducive business enabling environment, open access to quality infrastructure and financial services, investments in agriculture and food security, greater access to and use of new technologies, all essential to help most fragile and difficult settings build back better. A business-as-usual approach will not be enough to address these challenges. The Forum will feature sessions that highlight new tools and approaches required to contribute to economic transformation and opportunities, jobs, financial sector resilience, inclusive connectivity and technology/digital development. Sessions will also explore the link between jobs, economic transformation, prevention and resilience.
   
   
3. Rethinking the link between development and security: The FCV Strategy has identified security and justice as two of the six high-priority issues of engagement for the World Bank in fragile settings. The understanding of security itself has broadened considerably since the United Nations¡¯ 1994 and its coverage of human security. The WDR 2011 also recognized the centrality of security issues in contributing to conflict, as well as the critical role security plays in setting foundations for development.  But if as stated in the Preamble of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ¡°There can be no sustainable development without peace and no peace without sustainable development¡±, what can development and peace actors do to support countries affected by fragility, conflict and violence, to promote a human-centric approach to security, to prevent violence and conflict, and to mutually reinforce one another¡¯s efforts to create peace and prosperity? The Forum will highlight concrete experiences of coordination and integration of efforts across development and peace objectives, as well as focus on lessons learned, operational successes and failures of collaboration in the areas of conflict and violence prevention, maintaining engagement during open conflict, transition and re-engagement after crisis, to pave the way for longer-term development and poverty reduction.
   
   
4. Challenges and realities of governance and institution building in FCV settings: As demonstrated in the , institutions matter for sustaining peace and stability, building trust and strengthening the social contract. Governance institutions that balance, divide, and share power play a crucial role in addressing grievances and reducing incentives to engage in violence. As multiple crises hit countries already facing challenges of fragility, conflict, and violence; effective, responsive and accountable institutions capable of delivering inclusive public services to those furthest behind are at the heart of the recovery, as a means of conflict and violence prevention and resilience. The Forum will highlight discussions that invite a deep and honest look at realities and challenges of state and institution building, particularly given the lessons learned and experiences from the past year in Myanmar, Afghanistan, and others. Going beyond technocratic discussions, sessions will also explore more thorny issues of the political economy, drivers of fragility, weak social contracts and fragile underlying political settlements, that can undermine state and institution building in FCV contexts.

The Fragility Forum 2022 will take place virtually. For questions, contact fragilityforum@worldbank.org.